” Jun 30, 2019 · Marines of the 5th Marine Battalion, 11th Marine Regiment conducted the mock fire support mission with a truck-mounted M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) while on board the USS Anchorage, a San Antonio-class landing platform dock. M142 HIMARS ( абр. Army Sgt. light multiple rocket launcher mounted on a standard Army M1140 truck frame. M142 HIMARS, the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System mounted on an FMTV 6x6 five-ton army truck. May 5, 2022 · M142 HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System - з англійської "високомобільна артилерійська ракетна система") - використовує 6 Feb 12, 2024 · As we have discussed before, the M142 HIMARS uses a 6x6 Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) truck chassis to mount a single pod of rockets (the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System, which is mounted on a tracked chassis, can carry two). High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, «високомобільна артилерійська ракетна система») — американська реактивна артилерійська система. It is mounted on a truck frame. soldier walks atop the cockpit of an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) launcher vehicle during drills in southeastern Morocco on June 9, 2021. A pod can hold six rockets or a single missile. It is transportable by air and is capable of launching rockets and missiles from the Jun 1, 2022 · The aid includes four of the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, or HIMARS, a light wheeled multiple rocket launcher, from U. military and various allied forces, the HIMARS platform is mounted on a wheeled chassis, enhancing its agility and rapid deployment capabilities. HIMARS ammunition is Sep 29, 2022 · 1 / 7 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Two Reduced-Range Practice Rockets (RRPR), fired from an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) attached to Baker Battery, 3rd Battalion, 321st The M142 HIMARS (M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) is a light rocket launcher that can launch many rockets. Ukraine claims HIMARS ( pokrata za eng. M142 HIMARS (trumpinys iš angl. The new M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems, or HIMARS, will bring the total number committed to Ukraine to 16. The 227mm M31 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GLMRS) round hit a target floating in the Apr 10, 2023 · The High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a 6x6 truck that can mount a pre-loaded pod of six 227-millimeter M31 GMRL rockets that can be guided to hit targets up to 50 miles away very Dec 2, 2022 · The M142 HIMARS is a full-spectrum, combat-proven, all-weather, wheeled, precision-strike weapons system. Jan 25, 2024 · Unassembled plastic model kit in 1/72 scale of a M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS), a versatile and mobile multiple rocket launcher designed for precision strikes. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Provided by the U. Maximum commonality with M270A1 launch system and MLRS inter Dec 4, 2016 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher developed. military stocks. 2 m. M142 HIMARS. Grâce à leur longue portée, ces lance-roquettes multiples Aug 17, 2023 · Kyiv's latest footage of the U. HIMARS. 美軍M142加強裝甲版於伊拉克 可在戰場直接吊換的模組有六枚裝彈量 空運部署. Oct 17, 2022 · President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine is among those praising the U. Support Bn. Currently, 20 systems have been delivered Feb 7, 2023 · Soldiers with the 4th Battalion of the 133rd Field Artillery Regiment rehearse launching operations with a M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System at Fort Hood, Texas, July 16, 2018. 2002년 Jul 8, 2022 · U. Its payload is a pod of six M30/M31 GMLRS HIMARS is operated by a crew of three - a driver, gunner and section chief - but the computer-based fire control system enables a crew of two or even a single soldier to load and unload the system. Army M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) launcher slowly inched back into a Tunisian Air Force C-130J Super Hercules. Mar 6, 2024 · A M142 HIMARS launches a rocket on the Bakhmut direction on May 18, 2023 in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. Ukrainian forces fired on a training area for Russian troops close to the Donetsk city of HIMARS iš galo: matomi raketų blokai, kuriuose talpinamos šešios GMLRS raketos. Weight. 7. The US Department of Defense (DoD) has announced plans to deliver four M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) to Ukraine. M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) Tipo Lançador múltiplo de foguetes, lançador de míssil balístico tático: Local de origem Estados Unidos: História operacional Em serviço 2010–presente Utilizadores Emirados Árabes Unidos Jordânia Polônia Singapura Estados Unidos Roménia Ucrânia: Guerras Guerra do Afeganistão M142高机动性多管火箭系统(英語: M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System ),簡稱海马斯(HIMARS),是美国於1990年代末期研發的多管火箭炮,意在取代以履帶為底盤而導致機動性不佳的M270多管火箭系統;可發射MLRS弹药家族的各类火箭和导弹(包括MGM-140(ATACMS)导弹 Nov 17, 2022 · The U. Subscribe Now - ⚔️ https://goo. 2006 | 1:72 Facts Brand: FOREART Title: M142 HIMARS High Mobility Artilery Rocket System Number: 2006 Scale: 1:72 Type: Full kit Released: 2024 New tool Topic: M1083 FMTV » Trucks (Vehicles) Markings M1083 FMTV M142 HIMARS New Hampshire Army National Guard. Oct 13, 2023 · The fire control module is seamlessly integrated into the cabin, providing the crew with the necessary tools to operate the system effectively. It can be mounted on a truck and can carry a container with six Jul 1, 2022 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, commonly known as HIMARS, is one of four that Ukrainians received last month from the United States as part of a $700 million military aid package. M142高機動性多管火箭系統(英語: M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System ),簡稱海馬斯(HIMARS),是美國於1990年代末期研發的多管火箭炮,意在取代以履帶為底盤而導致機動性不佳的M270多管火箭系統;可發射MLRS彈藥家族的 M142 HIMARS. The light, wheeled multiple rocket launcher allows Ukraine to strike at Dec 29, 1999 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher. M270 MLRS M142 HIMARS Length Width Height 0 2 4 6 8. 59 m. I stand by my words. or 'Hurricane,' is a Soviet system first designed in the M142 Himars (High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems) on kuorma-autoalustainen raketinheitinjärjestelmä, jonka yhdysvaltalainen Lockheed Martin kehitti 1990-luvun lopussa Yhdysvaltain armeijalle. Полегшена версія M270 зі зменшенням вогневого Jun 1, 2022 · A U. -made M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a breakout star of Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine, used by Ukrainian defenders to inflict devastating damage on Moscow's Jun 1, 2022 · The M-142 Himars is described as a potent system that is highly mobile, lightweight and designed to support manoeuvre warfare. It also consists of a faster reload system and the launch systems Jun 22, 2023 · U. soldiers maneuver an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System into position as part of an exercise in Santa Rita, Guam, on Feb. Naval News has covered the Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) here. The agency has delivered the required certification for the sale, which has also been approved by the US State Department. The Pentagon announced it was sending the first of four launchers to Kyiv The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher developed in the late 1990s for the United States Army and mounte Oct 26, 2023 · One of its advanced armaments is the M142 HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), a multiple rocket launcher first designed in the late 1990s to be mounted on the US Army’s Family of Jun 1, 2022 · We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. A high mobility artillery rocket system takes off following launch. Above, a U. Jacob Ramirez, a multiple launch rocket system (MLRS/HIMARS) crewmember, assigned to 3rd Battalion, 27th Field Artillery Regiment (HIMARS), raises a M142 High Mobility Artillery The Oshkosh Defense ® Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) HIMARS resupply vehicle is specifically designed to support the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS). With more than 2 million operating hours and 550 launchers in the field serving soldiers, marines and partner nations, HIMARS has earned its reputation Height: 2. Army M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, from 3rd Battalion, 321 Aug 10, 2022 · A U. Army Soldiers from the 1st Battalion, 14 Field Artillery, 214th Fires Brigade form a line to transport their M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) vehicles after successfully Dec 2, 2022 · WASHINGTON — Lockheed Martin has won a $431 million contract from the U. Russia has destroyed a Ukrainian-operated HIMARS close to the eastern frontlines, new footage . 1 million in Jun 2, 2022 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) has been getting a lot of press lately, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. -supplied system purports to show a strike on Russian troops. M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) Number: 01041 Scale: 1:35 Type: Full kit Released: 2018 New parts Barcode: 9580208010410 (EAN) Packaging: Rigid box (Top opener) Topic: M1083 FMTV » Trucks (Vehicles) Markings M1083 FMTV M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System HIMARS US Army (1784-now) Field Art. Jun 2, 2022 · The advanced rocket launchers were pre-positioned in Europe to ensure speedy delivery to Ukraine. It will fire any rocket or missile in the MLRS family of munitions (MFOM). 5, 2023, it will boost its defense capabilities by spending more than 1 billion Australian dollars ($700 million) on new advanced missile and rocket systems, including U. HIMARS is mounted on a five-ton modified Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles chassis. High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) topnički je sustav višecjevnih raketnih bacača proizvođača Lockheed Martin montiran na laki kamion. There was no room for error, just 108 inches or 54 on either side, for the 35,800 pound vehicle to fit snugly into the cavity of a “Herc. S. Army's new Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) five-ton truck, and can Aug 5, 2022 · The U. (U. The High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is mounted on a truck, and can carry a container with six rockets. Several countries have since taken an active interest in recent years, leading to this technology making an impact on both the defence market Jun 27, 2022 · On Saturday the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense shared a video showing troops firing the new M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems, or HIMARS, which can launch multiple rockets. Je určený na ničenie delostrelectva , protivzdušnej obrany , nákladných áut, ako aj ľahkých obrnených vozidiel na vzdialenosť 15 – 500 km. gl/pY8ZSL ⚔️----- The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a combat-proven, wheeled artillery system, rapidly deployable via C-130 and operable in all weather and visibility conditions. 8 million) per unit to produce and more than 540 have Sep 2, 2022 · An American M142 HIMARS rocket launcher is parked on the tarmac at the 2021 Dubai Airshow in the Gulf emirate on November 15, 2021. and operated by Ukrainian soldiers since June, Sep 9, 2022 · HIMARS, short for High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, is a five-ton truck that can fire long-range guided rockets. The U. SYSTEM (CFCS) Advanced mission systems for rocket launch vehicles like the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) and M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) The goal of all battlefield commanders is to deploy a force that is better equipped than their adversary. HIMARS” in front of an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System launching munitions. The HIMARS brings overwhelming fire support to troops on the ground in any conflict zone. This is almost double the range of the current M777 howitzers , which the US promised Jul 25, 2022 · Ukraine's M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) provided by the United States has been touted as a "gamechanger" by Western officials for its long-range and capacity to inflict The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher developed in the late 1990s for the United States Army and mounted on a standard U. 300 km (MGM-140 ATACMS) Das HIMARS ( Akronym für englisch High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) ist ein leichtes Mehrfachraketenwerfer - Artilleriesystem auf Lastwagenfahrgestell des Herstellers Lockheed Martin. HIMARS missile system. About: The M142 HIMARS, a light multiple rocket launcher, was developed for the US Army in the late 1990s. Feb 17, 2023 · The estimated cost of the foreign military sale is $670m. letech pro US Army umístěný na podvozku vozidla M1140 z rodiny nákladních transportních vojenských strojů FMTV ( Family of Medium Tactical vehicles ). 2 days ago · The M142 HIMARS is a lightweight, air-transportable, wheeled variant of the M270 MLRS tracked vehicle rocket launching system based on the MTV chassis. Buvo įvesta kaip lengvesnė, bet mobilesnė, M270 MLRS alternatyva. Dean Johnson October 12, 2022. 10, 2022. The Reduced Range Practice Rockets The Government of Italy has requested to buy twenty-one (21) M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS); and one (1) M31A2 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System Unitary (GMLRS-U) High Explosive (HE) Pods with Insensitive Munitions Propulsion System (IMPS). (Ukraine MoD screencap) Standing amid a cloud of rocket exhaust and flying debris, he delivers an ominous message in a computer-altered voice. The United States is sending four more HIMARS to M142 HIMARS High Mobility Artilery Rocket System FOREART | No. High Mobility Artillery Rocket System ) – JAV sukurta reaktyvinės artilerijos sistema, gebanti paleisti įvairių tipų valdomąsias raketas. Hệ thống Pháo phản lực Cơ động cao M142 (HIMARS) là một hệ thống pháo phản lực hạng nhẹ được phát triển từ những năm 1990 dành cho Lục quân Hoa Kỳ, được dựa trên khung gầm của xe tải M1140 . It is mobile, versatile and durable, and engineered with combat-proven advanced technologies like the TAK-4 ® independent suspension system. The M142 carries one pod with either six GMLRS rockets, or two PrSM missiles, or one ATACMS missile on the U. “Russian soldier! My name is Capt. Army M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) launches ordnance during RED FLAG-Alaska 21-1 at Fort Greely, Alaska, Oct. від англ. The system was developed in the late 1990s for the United States Army. Oct 18, 2022 · Lockheed plans to ramp up HIMARS production from 60 to 96 units per year and has already taken steps to expedite production of the new launchers in expectation of higher demand, Lockheed CEO Jim The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a U. Army's new Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) five-ton truck, and can launch the entire Multiple Launch Rocket System Family of Munitions (MFOM). Feb 21, 2019 · The Lockheed Martin-developed M142 High Mobility Rocket System (HIMARS) is a multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) system that has been used during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Army M1140 truck frame. Kyiv Oct 8, 2008 · Watch how the M142 HIMARS fires rockets and missiles with precision and mobility. Apr 22, 2019 · 1999년 12월, 록히드마틴은 XM-142 고기동 포병 로켓 시스템(High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) 줄여 HIMARS 초기 프로토타입을 생산했고, 2000년 10월에는 뉴멕시코주 화이트샌드 시험장에서 이 프로토타입을 사용하여 사거리 연장형 로켓탄 18발 사격 시험을 했다. soldier inspects an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS Jun 1, 2022 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is the light, wheeled version of the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS). These include M31 guided types that can hit with great precision over 50 miles and have been a major Jun 2, 2022 · The M142 Himars has a range of about 50 miles (80 km) and its GPS-guided rockets have more accuracy than its Russian counterparts. (AP Photo/Aaron Favila, File) Published 4:58 PM PDT, January 4 Jul 8, 2022 · The M142 HIMARS is a high-tech lightweight rocket launcher that can hit targets at a range of 80km (50 miles). B11 FS33798 M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) je salvový raketomet namontovaný na kolesovom podvozku (6x6) nákladného auta FMTV. A M142 HIMARS launches a rocket toward Bakhmut on May 18, 2023, in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. -made M142 High Mobility how much the rocket system costs today, but the unit price of HIMARS was around $5. By Spc. The windows of the launcher truck are made of glass and layers of sapphire. Dec 6, 2022 · The HIMARS system consists of the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, an armored truck capable of firing up to six rockets at a time, and the Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System, or GMLRS Oct 12, 2022 · US Army HIMARS part of Sweden and Latvia exercises. 6. Part of this is the HIMARS capability to be air transportable by a C-130, making it logistically easier M142高机动性多管火箭系统(英語: M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System ),簡稱海马斯(HIMARS),是美国於1990年代末期研發的多管火箭炮,意在取代以履帶為底盤而導致機動性不佳的M270多管火箭系統;可發射MLRS弹药家族的各类火箭和导弹(包括MGM-140(ATACMS)导 Jan 18, 2024 · An M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) fires from the Smardan Training Area, located in Galati County, Western Moldavia, Romania, Jan. The FMTV standard cargo truck is motorized with a Caterpillar C7 engine coupled to a 7-speed automatic Allison 3700SP transmission. Le M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System ( HIMARS) est un lance-roquettes multiples de l' United States Army. -made HIMARS which have been successfully used by Ukraine’s military. Army’s Long Range Precision Fires Team (LRPF) replied. Il est monté sur un camion Medium Tactical Vehicle (en), dérivé d'un véhicule du constructeur autrichien Steyr . The HIMARS fires either six MLRS rockets or one Army Tactical Missile. With a length of 23 feet, a width of 7 feet, 10 inches and a height of 10 feet, 6 inches, its weight totals 35,800 pounds. The HIMARS carries six rockets or one MGM-140 ATACMS missile on the U. Army’s new Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) five-ton truck and can Jul 29, 2020 · U. Hệ thống M142 mang một bệ phóng gồm 6 tên lửa M30/31 GMLRS, hoặc 2 Oct 12, 2022 · The test was held Thursday, October 6 at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico where the ER GMLRS round was fired from a High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS), which Lockheed Martin also builds, to demonstrate its ability to also perform at shorter ranges. The light-weight rocket launcher, which is mounted to an XM1140A1 chassis, is able to provide responsive and lethal support in all weather conditions with impressive precision. It is a wheeled launcher that can carry and launch multiple rockets and missiles. Learn more about this powerful weapon system on YouTube. Army May 10, 2024 · The U. The HIMARS utilizes the same pod as the M270 MLRS uses. Jul 21, 2022 · Developed during the 1990s and entering military service in 2010, the Lockheed Martin M142 is a wheeled version of the M270 tracked, armored multilaunch rocket system, or MLRS. It will fire any rocket or missile in the MLRS family of munitions [MFOM]. M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) je americký lehký salvový raketomet vyvinutý v 90. Jan 4, 2023 · Australia announced Thursday, Jan. 1 / 2 Show Caption + A U. As part of the sale, the Netherlands government seeks to procure 20 M142 HIMARS launchers, 39 M30A2 guided multiple launch rocket system (GMLRS) alternative warhead Lockheed Martin’s High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) offers the same MLRS firepower and mobility on a wheeled chassis that provides enhanced transportability using C-130 aircraft. 3. May 4, 2023 · “Capt. 85. Credit: Marine Corps Pfc. Jul 8, 2022 · En moins d'une semaine, les premiers M142 HIMARS ukrainiens auraient déjà détruits plus d'une dizaine d'entrepôts russes. Sarah Pysher/US DoD. The rocket launcher system M142 HIMARS is fitted to the 6x6 chassis of the medium tactical vehicles (FMTV) all-wheel-drive 5t truck. 85 km/h. announced on August Apr 1, 2024 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher. Length. L3Harris’ CFCS creates a more Jul 22, 2022 · They were the first Russian victims of HIMARS (the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), The system costs around $5 million (€4. 17, 2024. May 11, 2023 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a highly mobile, lightweight artillery rocket system used by the United States Army and other countries. Die Typenbezeichnung des US-amerikanischen Militärs lautet M142 . Utilized by the U. The Lockheed Martin PrSM has an objective range of 60 to 650 kilometers (37 to 403 miles) and two PrSMs can fit inside a M142 High-Mobility Artillery Rocket System ( HIMARS), double the number compared to the MGM Feb 21, 2024 · An M142 HIMARS launches a rocket in the Bakhmut direction on May 18, 2023, in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System or HIMARS®, is the Lockheed Martin® answer to providing an economic and sustainable artillery solution. 197th Field Artillery The Government of the Republic of Latvia has requested to buy six (6) M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS); twelve (12) M30A2 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) Alternative Warhead (AW) Pods with Insensitive Munitions Propulsion System (IMPS); twelve (12) M31A2 GMLRS Unitary (GMLRS-U) High Explosive Pods with IMPS; and The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is a light multiple rocket launcher developed in the late 1990s for the United States Army, mounted on a standard Army M1140 truck frame. Američka vojna oznaka sustava je M142 . Järjestelmä tuli käyttöön 2005 ja on nykyään käytössä ympäri maailmaa. 22, 2020. The HIMARS can launch a medium-range rocket, but is also capable Aug 9, 2022 · China's new MLRS reportedly tested in the Taiwan Strait has been compared to the U. Jun 17, 2023 · Ukraine: In June 2022, the United States announced the supply of the HIMARS artillery rocket system, accompanied by M31 GMLRS unitary rockets, to Ukraine. The wheeled chassis allows for faster road movement and lower operating Jul 15, 2022 · The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System is an agile wheel-mounted launcher of 227 mm GPS-guided missiles with a range of around 80 kilometers (50 miles). HIMARS M142 has an empty weight of 29,800 Nov 30, 2021 · The M142 HIMARS is the most technically advanced, affordable and sustainable artillery solution. Offering Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) firepower on a wheeled chassis, the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) is the newest member of the MLRS launcher family. The M142 HIMARS is a lightweight, air-transportable, wheeled variant of the M270 MLRS tracked vehicle rocket launching system based on the MTV chassis. In a press release shared the following Monday, Lockheed Martin claimed that Aug 19, 2022 · Description. The HIMARS can run at a maximum road speed of 85 km/h with a maximum Oct 8, 2022 · The centerpiece of the new battle order is the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, or Himars. M270 MLRS. Army to produce M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System launchers at full rate with the aim of rapidly replenishing HIMARS is operated by a crew of three - a driver, gunner and section chief - but the computer-based fire control system enables a crew of two or even a single soldier to load and unload the system. Systems that allow it to Jun 2, 2022 · United States would send four HIMAR systems to Ukraine. HIMARS je schopný odpáliť svoje rakety a opustiť High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) M142 MISSION Provides coalition ground forces with highly lethal, responsive, and precise long-range rocket and missile fires that defeat point and area targets via a highly mobile, responsive multiple launch system for Army and Marine early-entry expeditionary forces, contingency forces, and Modular Mobility. xi tx mu gz zy jy ah ue ri vi